[TABD] Brassolines and Hamadryas

[Carla M Penz]

Dear all,

The two articles below might be of interest to you and can be downloaded from the Penz Lab website

http://fs.uno.edu/cpenz/Pubs.html

** Penz, C.M., A.V.L. Freitas, L.A. Kaminski, M.M. Casagrande & P.J. DeVries. 2013. 
Adult and early-stage characters of Brassolini contain conflicting phylogenetic signal 
(Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae). Systematic Entomology, 38: 316–333.

Abstract: 
This study examines the contribution of early-stages and adult characters
to the reconstruction of the phylogeny of Brassolini butterflies. Parsimony analyses
used both equal weights and implied weights, and a series of analyses were performed.
First, we analysed adult and early-stages partitions independently and in combination
for a subset of 27 species; in these cases the matrices were mostly complete. Whereas
the adult partition alone produced a topology that was well resolved and congruent
with previous studies, the early-stages partition produced a poorly resolved tree under
equal weights. Furthermore, implied weights produced a well-resolved early-stages
topology that differed significantly from the adult topology. When both partitions
were combined for 27 species, implied weights yielded a topology that resembled the
adult tree except for the positions of Bia and Penetes, but statistical node support
was generally lower. This suggests that stochastic noise increased when early-stage
characters were added to the adult partition, but the combined partitions topology was
not statistically different from that based on adult characters alone. Second, given that
preserved early stages are not as readily available as adults, we analysed a matrix
including 45 species in which early-stage data were missing for 18 species, and
compared the topology to that produced by the adult partition alone. Results were
similar to the analyses including fewer species; the combined partitions tree was
similar to that from the adult partition except for the position of Bia and Penetes. We
compare our findings to other genus-level phylogenetic studies within Lepidoptera
that have also used early-stages and adult characters.

** Garzón-Orduña, I.J., Marini-Filho, O., Johnson, S. & Penz, C.M. 2013. Phylogenetic relationships of Hamadryas 
(Nymphalidae: Biblidinae) based on the combined analysis of morphological and molecular data. 
Cladistics (2013), online early DOI: 10.1111/cla.12021

Abstract:
A new phylogenetic hypothesis for the Neotropical butterfly genus Hamadryas, based on the combination of a morphological
matrix, one mitochondrial (COI) and four nuclear markers (CAD, RpS5, EF1a, and Wingless), is presented. Results from analyses
of the molecular evidence are compared with a previously published morphological phylogeny. Molecular data and the analysis
of the complete dataset support the monophyly of Hamadryas and most sister groups suggested by morphological data
alone. The addition of DNA sequences to the morphological matrix helped define species groups for which no morphological
synapomorphies were found. Partitioned Bremer support indicates that COI, CAD, and morphology were consistently in agreement
with the combined evidence tree. In contrast, signal from the nuclear markers Rps5, EF1a, and Wingless showed indifference
at most levels of the tree, and minor conflict at nodes solving the relationships between species groups. Though resolved,
the combined evidence tree shows low resample values, particularly among species groups whose relationships were characterized
by short internodes. A reassessment about the pattern of character change for sound production is presented and discussed.

Carla
____________________________
Carla M. Penz
Department of Biological Sciences
University of New Orleans
http://fs.uno.edu/cpenz/  and  http://biology.uno.edu/people/penz/home.aspx